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I have one of the Yldis folding 410s that Academy sold about a dozen years ago fo a little over a c-note. It is an absolute whisp of a thing at 3.3pounds. Its perceived recoil is much higher than my 12 gauge 870. Even though it is just a little .410. I also have a 20 gauge youth model 870, with stock spacers to bring it to my preferred l.o.p., and although it it lighter than my 12 gauges, the ammo I use in it makes it seem like a light kicker in comparison. Weight of gun, weight of payload, speed of payload.
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Come on guys,,, Did none of you pay attention in school?
Newtons Law says "for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction."
The 20 ga. has a lighter payload than a 12 ga. all else being equal, the 12 ga. has to recoil more. Simple as that.
Any other conclusion is strictly Subjective and not based on Empirical Fact.
This ain't that hard?
Randy
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Here is a good tool for figuring shotgun recoil http://www.omahamarian.org/trap/shotshellenergy.html
Payload, velocity and gun weight are the major factors in recoil. Gun fit, especially drop at heel and cheek rest height do greatly affect perceived recoil.
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Hey Randy, I routinely load 3/4 oz in the 12 gauge ( as well as 16, 20, and 28 gauge.) Just because it's a 12 don't assume payload is heavier.
So your "facts" are not as empirical as you think.
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Burn rate of the powder also affects felt recoil. The powder mass also has to be calculated into actual and felt recoil.